Conditions That Qualify for Disability

Hearing loss and deafness refer to a partial or total inability to hear that significantly limits a person's ability to function. The Social Security Administration (SSA) evaluates hearing loss under two separate Blue Book listings depending on whether the person has or has not received a cochlear implant. Listing 2.10 covers hearing loss that has not been treated with cochlear implantation, while Listing 2.11 applies to those who have received a cochlear implant. SSA uses audiological test results and medical records to determine whether your level of hearing loss meets the criteria under the appropriate listing.

Loss of speech is a condition in which a person is unable to communicate verbally in a way that can be heard, understood, or sustained. SSA evaluates this condition under Blue Book Listing 2.09, which covers loss of speech from any medical cause. To meet this listing, your records must show that you cannot produce — by any means — speech that is audible, comprehensible, or consistent enough to be functional. The cause of the speech loss does not matter; what SSA focuses on is whether usable speech is possible at all.

Meniere's Disease and other vestibular disorders are conditions affecting the inner ear that can cause recurring episodes of severe dizziness or balance problems, ringing in the ears (tinnitus), and gradual hearing loss. SSA evaluates these conditions under Blue Book Listing 2.07, which focuses on disturbances of labyrinthine-vestibular function. To be considered disabling under this listing, your medical records must document a specific combination of ongoing symptoms that significantly impact your ability to function.

Tinnitus is a condition where you hear persistent ringing, buzzing, or other noises in your ears. SSA does not have a dedicated listing for tinnitus, so claims are evaluated based on how severely the condition — often alongside hearing loss — limits your ability to function and work.

Vision loss and blindness refer to a significant reduction in your ability to see, whether due to injury, disease, or a degenerative condition. The Social Security Administration (SSA) evaluates vision loss under its Blue Book listings by looking at how well your better eye can see after the best possible correction — such as glasses or contact lenses. SSA considers three main areas: how sharp your central vision is, how wide your field of vision is, and how efficiently your eye functions overall. These measurements help SSA determine whether your vision loss is severe enough to qualify for disability benefits.